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Petroleum Science >2017,??Issue 2:??237-260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-017-0154-5

Formation and distribution characteristics of Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic marine giant oil and gas fields worldwide Open?Access

文章信息

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作者：Xiao-Ping Liu,Zhi-Jun Jin,Guo-Ping Bai,Ming Guan,Jie Liu,Qing-Hua Pan and Ting Li
作者單位：

State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Beijing 102249, China; College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Beijing 102249, China; College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu 062552, Hebei, China;College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China

投稿時間：2015-04-07
引用方式：Liu, XP., Jin, ZJ., Bai, GP. et al. Pet. Sci. (2017) 14: 237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-017-0154-5

文章摘要

There are rich oil and gas resources in marine carbonate strata worldwide. Although most of the oil and gas reserves discovered so far are mainly distributed in Mesozoic, Cenozoic, and upper Paleozoic strata, oil and gas exploration in the Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic (PLP) strata—the oldest marine strata—has been very limited. To more clearly understand the oil and gas formation conditions and distributions in the PLP marine carbonate strata, we analyzed and characterized the petroleum geological conditions, oil and gas reservoir types, and their distributions in thirteen giant oil and gas fields worldwide. This study reveals the main factors controlling their formation and distribution. Our analyses show that the source rocks for these giant oil and gas fields are mainly shale with a great abundance of type I–II organic matter and a high thermal evolution extent. The reservoirs are mainly gas reservoirs, and the reservoir rocks are dominated by dolomite. The reservoir types are mainly karst and reef–shoal bodies with well-developed dissolved pores and cavities, intercrystalline pores, and fractures. These reservoirs are highly heterogeneous. The burial depth of the reservoirs is highly variable and somewhat negatively correlated to the porosity. The cap rocks are mainly thick evaporites and shales, with the thickness of the cap rocks positively correlated to the oil and gas reserves. The development of high-quality evaporite cap rock is highly favorable for oil and gas preservation. We identified four hydrocarbon generation models, and that the major source rocks have undergone a long period of burial and thermal evolution and are characterized by early and long periods of hydrocarbon generation. These giant oil and gas fields have diverse types of reservoirs and are mainly distributed in paleo-uplifts, slope zones, and platform margin reef-shoal bodies. The main factors that control their formation and distribution were identified, enabling the prediction of new favorable areas for oil and gas exploration.
generation. These giant oil and gas fields have
diverse types of reservoirs and are mainly distributed in
paleo-uplifts, slope zones, and platform margin reef-shoal
bodies. The main factors that control their formation and
distribution were identified, enabling the prediction of new
favorable areas for oil and gas exploration.

關鍵詞

    Giant oil and gas field, Proterozoic and Lower Paleozoic, Marine carbonate rocks, Petroleum geological conditions, Oil and gas distribution